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Chapter 3 Damages and Satisfaction

Section 1 Accused

Art. 429 Claims  

1 If the ac­cused is wholly or partly ac­quit­ted or if the pro­ceed­ings against the ac­cused are aban­doned, he or she is en­titled to:

a.
dam­ages for his or her ex­pendit­ure in­curred in the ap­pro­pri­ate ex­er­cise of their pro­ced­ur­al rights;
b.
dam­ages for the fin­an­cial losses that he or she in­curs due to the re­quired par­ti­cip­a­tion in the crim­in­al pro­ceed­ings;
c.
sat­is­fac­tion for par­tic­u­larly ser­i­ous vi­ol­a­tions of his or her per­son­al cir­cum­stances, in par­tic­u­lar due to depriva­tion of liberty.

2 The crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity shall ex­am­ine the claim ex of­fi­cio. It may re­quire the ac­cused to quanti­fy and sub­stan­ti­ate the claim.

Art. 430 Reduction or refusal of damages or satisfaction  

1 The crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity may re­duce the dam­ages or sat­is­fac­tion or re­fuse to pay if:

a.
the ac­cused has un­law­fully and culp­ably brought about the pro­ceed­ings or has ob­struc­ted their con­duct;
b.
the private claimant is re­quired to pay dam­ages to the ac­cused; or
c.
the ac­cused's ex­pendit­ure is neg­li­gible.

2 In the ap­pel­late pro­ceed­ings, dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion may be fur­ther re­duced if the re­quire­ments of Art­icle 428 para­graph 2 are ful­filled.

Art. 431 Unlawfully applied compulsory measures  

1 If com­puls­ory meas­ures have been ap­plied to the ac­cused un­law­fully, the crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity shall award the ac­cused ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion.

2 There is a right to dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion in re­la­tion to re­mand and pre­vent­ive de­ten­tion if the per­mit­ted peri­od of de­ten­tion is ex­ceeded is and the ex­cess­ive depriva­tion of liberty can­not be not ac­coun­ted for in sanc­tions im­posed in re­spect of oth­er of­fences.

3 The right un­der para­graph 2 ceases to ap­ply if the ac­cused:

a.
is sen­tenced to a mon­et­ary pen­alty, com­munity ser­vice or a fine and the equi­val­ent al­tern­at­ive cus­todi­al sen­tence would not be sub­stan­tially short­er than the time spent on re­mand or in pre­vent­ive de­ten­tion;
b.
re­ceives a sus­pen­ded cus­todi­al sen­tence the length of which ex­ceeds the time spent on re­mand or in pre­vent­ive de­ten­tion.
Art. 432 Rights in relation to the private claimant and the complainant  

1 The ac­cused, if ac­quit­ted, is en­titled to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages from the private claimant in re­spect of ex­pendit­ure in­curred in re­la­tion to the civil claim.

2 If the ac­cused is ac­quit­ted of an of­fence pro­sec­uted only on com­plaint, the com­plain­ant may be re­quired to com­pensate the ac­cused for ex­pendit­ure in­curred in the prop­er ex­er­cise of his or her pro­ced­ur­al rights, provided the com­plain­ant has brought about the pro­ceed­ings wil­fully or through gross neg­li­gence or has ob­struc­ted their con­duct.

Section 2 Private Claimant and Third Parties

Art. 433 Private claimant  

1 The private claimant is en­titled to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages from the ac­cused for costs in­curred in the pro­ceed­ings if:

a.
the claim is suc­cess­ful; or
b.
the ac­cused is li­able to pay costs in terms of Art­icle 426 para­graph 2.

2 The private claimant must sub­mit his or her dam­ages claim to the crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity, and quant­ity and sub­stan­ti­ate the same. If he or she fails to ful­fil this ob­lig­a­tion, the crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity shall not con­sider the claim

Art. 434 Third parties  

1 Third parties have the right to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages for losses that are not oth­er­wise covered and to sat­is­fac­tion if they have in­curred losses as a res­ult of pro­ced­ur­al acts or in provid­ing sup­port to the crim­in­al justice au­thor­it­ies. Art­icle 433 para­graph 2 ap­plies mu­tatis mutandis.

2 A de­cision shall be made on the claims in the fi­nal judg­ment. In clear cases, the pub­lic pro­sec­utor may is­sue a de­cision in the pre­lim­in­ary pro­ceed­ings.

Section 3 Special Provisions

Art. 435 Time limits  

Claims for dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion against the Con­fed­er­a­tion or the can­ton must be filed with­in 10 years of the date on which the de­cision be­comes leg­ally bind­ing.

Art. 436 Damages and satisfaction in appellate proceedings  

1 Claims for dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion in ap­pel­late pro­ceed­ings are gov­erned by Art­icles 429–434.

2 Where the ac­cused is neither fully nor partly ac­quit­ted and the pro­ceed­ings are not aban­doned but the ac­cused is suc­cess­ful on oth­er points, he or she is en­titled to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages for his or her ex­pendit­ure.

3 If the ap­pel­late au­thor­ity quashes a de­cision in ac­cord­ance with Art­icle 409, the parties are en­titled to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages for their ex­pendit­ure in the ap­pel­late pro­ceed­ings and that part of the pro­ceed­ings be­fore the court of first in­stance that re­lated to the quashed de­cision.

4 An ac­cused who is ac­quit­ted or re­ceives a re­duced sen­tence fol­low­ing a re­view of the case is en­titled to ap­pro­pri­ate dam­ages for his or her ex­pendit­ure in the re­view pro­ceed­ings. He or she is also en­titled to sat­is­fac­tion and dam­ages for time spent in cus­tody, provided this depriva­tion of liberty can­not be not ac­coun­ted for in sanc­tions im­posed in re­spect of oth­er of­fences.

Title 11 Legal Effect and Execution of Decisions in Criminal Proceedings

Chapter 1 Legal Effect

Art. 437 Entry into force  

1 Judg­ments and oth­er de­cisions con­clud­ing pro­ceed­ings against which an ap­pel­late rem­edy may be re­ques­ted un­der this Code be­come leg­ally bind­ing when:

a.
the peri­od for re­ques­ted ap­pel­late rem­edy has ex­pired and no re­quest has been made;
b.
the en­titled per­son de­clares that he or she is waiv­ing his or her right to an ap­pel­late rem­edy or with­draw­ing an ap­pel­late rem­edy already re­ques­ted;
c.
the ap­pel­late au­thor­ity de­cides not to con­sider the sub­stance of the ap­pel­late rem­edy or to re­ject it.

2 The de­cision be­comes leg­ally bind­ing with ret­ro­spect­ive ef­fect from the day on which the de­cision was is­sued.

3 De­cisions that are not sub­ject to the right to an ap­pel­late rem­edy un­der this Code be­come leg­ally bind­ing on be­ing is­sued.

Art. 438 Notification of legal effect  

1 The crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity that has is­sued a de­cision shall note the date on which it be­comes leg­ally bind­ing in the files or in the judg­ment.

2 If the parties have been no­ti­fied that an ap­pel­late rem­edy has been re­ques­ted, they shall also be no­ti­fied of the date on which the judg­ment be­comes leg­ally bind­ing.

3 If there is a dis­pute over wheth­er or when a de­cision has be­come leg­ally bind­ing, the au­thor­ity that has is­sued the de­cision shall rule on the mat­ter.

4 An ob­jec­tion may be filed against the rul­ing on the leg­ally bind­ing ef­fect of the de­cision.

Chapter 2 Enforcement of Decisions in Criminal Proceedings

Art. 439 Execution of sentences and measures  

1 The Con­fed­er­a­tion and the can­tons shall de­term­ine the au­thor­it­ies re­spons­ible for the ex­e­cu­tion of sen­tences and meas­ures as well as the rel­ev­ant pro­ced­ure; spe­cial reg­u­la­tions in this Code and in the SCC190 are re­served.

2 The ex­ec­ut­ive au­thor­ity shall is­sue an ex­e­cu­tion or­der.

3 Leg­ally-bind­ing cus­todi­al sen­tences and cus­todi­al meas­ures must be ex­ecuted im­me­di­ately:

a.
if there is a risk of ab­scond­ing;
b.
if there is a ser­i­ous risk to the pub­lic; or
c.
if there is no guar­an­tee that the pur­pose of the meas­ure will oth­er­wise be ful­filled.

4 In or­der to im­ple­ment the ex­e­cu­tion or­der, the ex­ec­ut­ive au­thor­ity may ar­rest the per­son con­victed, is­sue a war­rant for his or her ar­rest or re­quest his or her ex­tra­di­tion.

Art. 440 Preventive detention  

1 In cases of ur­gency, the ex­ec­ut­ive au­thor­ity may place the per­son con­victed in pre­vent­ive de­ten­tion to en­sure of that the sen­tence or the meas­ure is ex­ecuted.

2 It shall sub­mit the case with­in 5 days of the per­son's de­ten­tion:

a.
to the court that im­posed the sen­tence or meas­ure that is to be ex­ecuted;
b.
in the case of sum­mary pen­alty or­ders, to the com­puls­ory meas­ures court at the place where the pub­lic pro­sec­utor is­sued the sum­mary pen­alty or­der.

3 The court shall make a fi­nal de­cision on wheth­er the per­son con­victed re­mains in de­ten­tion un­til the com­mence­ment of the sen­tence or meas­ure.

Art. 441 Time limit for enforcement  

1 Sen­tences that are time-barred may not be en­forced.

2 The ex­ec­ut­ive au­thor­ity shall veri­fy ex of­fi­cio wheth­er the sen­tence is time barred.

3 The per­son con­victed may con­test the planned ex­e­cu­tion of a time-barred sen­tence or meas­ure be­fore the ob­jec­tions au­thor­ity of the can­ton of ex­e­cu­tion. This au­thor­ity shall also de­cide on wheth­er the ap­peal has sus­pens­ive ef­fect.

4 If the per­son con­victed is made to serve a time-barred cus­todi­al sanc­tion, he or she shall be en­titled to dam­ages and sat­is­fac­tion in ana­log­ous ap­plic­a­tion of Art­icle 431.

Art. 442 Enforcement of decisions on procedural costs and other financial payments  

1 Pro­ced­ur­al costs, mon­et­ary pen­al­ties, fines and oth­er fin­an­cial pay­ments to be made in con­nec­tion with crim­in­al pro­ceed­ings shall be col­lec­ted in ac­cord­ance with the pro­vi­sions of the DEBA191.

2 Claims in re­spect of pro­ced­ur­al costs must be filed with­in 10 years of the date on which the de­cision on costs be­comes leg­ally bind­ing. De­fault in­terest amounts to 5 per cent.

3 The Con­fed­er­a­tion and the can­tons shall de­term­ine the au­thor­it­ies that col­lect fin­an­cial pay­ments.

4 The crim­in­al justice au­thor­it­ies may set off their claims in re­spect of pro­ced­ur­al costs against the claims to dam­ages of the party li­able to pay arising from the same crim­in­al pro­ceed­ings and against seized as­sets.

Art. 443 Enforcement of criminal judgments on civil matters  

In­so­far as the judg­ment relates to civil claims, it shall be en­forced in ac­cord­ance with the civil pro­ced­ure law ap­plic­able at the place of ex­e­cu­tion and the DEBA192.

Art. 444 Official notices  

The Con­fed­er­a­tion and the can­tons shall de­term­ine the au­thor­it­ies that must is­sue of­fi­cial no­tices.

Title 12 Final Provisions

Chapter 1 Implementing Provisions

Art. 445  

The Fed­er­al Coun­cil and, in­so­far as they are re­spons­ible, the can­tons shall is­sue the pro­vi­sions re­quired to im­ple­ment this Code.

Chapter 2 Amendment of Legislation

Art. 446 Repeal and amendment of current legislation  

1 The re­peal and the amend­ment of cur­rent le­gis­la­tion are reg­u­lated in An­nex 1.

2 The Fed­er­al As­sembly may amend by or­din­ance pro­vi­sions of fed­er­al acts that are con­tra­dict­ory to this Code but which have not been form­ally amended herein.

Art. 447 Coordination provisions  

The co­ordin­a­tion of pro­vi­sions of oth­er en­act­ments with this Code is reg­u­lated in An­nex 2.

Chapter 3 Transitional Provisions

Section 1 General Procedural Provisions

Art. 448 Applicable law  

1 Pro­ceed­ings that are pending when this Code comes in­to force shall be con­tin­ued in ac­cord­ance with the new law un­less the fol­low­ing pro­vi­sions provide oth­er­wise.

2 Pro­ced­ur­al acts that were ordered or car­ried out be­fore this Code came in­to force shall re­main val­id.

Art. 449 Jurisdiction  

1 Pro­ceed­ings that are pending when this Code comes in­to force shall be con­tin­ued by the com­pet­ent au­thor­it­ies un­der the new law un­less the fol­low­ing pro­vi­sions provide oth­er­wise.

2 Con­flicts on jur­is­dic­tion between au­thor­it­ies of the same can­ton shall be de­cided by the ob­jec­tions au­thor­ity of the can­ton con­cerned and con­flicts between the au­thor­it­ies of dif­fer­ent can­tons or between can­ton­al and fed­er­al au­thor­it­ies shall be de­cided by the Fed­er­al Crim­in­al Court.

Section 2 Main Proceedings of First Instance and Special Proceedings

Art. 450 Main proceedings of first instance  

If the main hear­ing has already be­gun when this Code comes in­to force, it shall be con­tin­ued in ac­cord­ance with the pre­vi­ous law in the pre­vi­ously com­pet­ent court of first in­stance.

Art. 451 Separate subsequent court decisions  

After this Code comes in­to force, sep­ar­ate sub­sequent court de­cisions shall be made by the crim­in­al justice au­thor­ity that would have been re­spons­ible for the first in­stance judg­ment un­der this Code.

Art. 452 Proceedings in absentia  

1 Ap­plic­a­tions for re-as­sess­ment fol­low­ing a judg­ment in ab­sen­tia that are pending when this Code comes in­to force shall be con­sidered in ac­cord­ance with the pre­vi­ous law.

2 Ap­plic­a­tions for re-as­sess­ment fol­low­ing a judg­ment in ab­sen­tia un­der the pre­vi­ous law that are made after this Code comes in­to force shall be con­sidered in ac­cord­ance with the law that is more fa­vour­able to the ap­plic­ant.

3 The new law ap­plies to the re-as­sess­ment. The court that would have been re­spons­ible for the judg­ment in ab­sen­tia in ac­cord­ance with this Code has jur­is­dic­tion.

Section 3 Appellate Proceedings

Art. 453 Decisions made before this Code comes into force  

1 If a de­cision was made be­fore this Code comes in­to force, an ap­pel­late rem­edy against it shall be judged in ac­cord­ance with the pre­vi­ous law by the au­thor­it­ies com­pet­ent un­der the pre­vi­ous law.

2 If pro­ceed­ings are re­mit­ted by the ap­pel­late au­thor­ity or the Fed­er­al Su­preme Court for re-as­sess­ment, the new law ap­plies. The re-as­sess­ment shall be car­ried out by the au­thor­ity that would have been re­spons­ible for the quashed de­cision in ac­cord­ance with this Code.

Art. 454 Decision made after this Code comes into force  

1 Ap­pel­late rem­ed­ies against first in­stance de­cisions that are made after this Code comes in­to force are gov­erned by the new law.

2 Ap­pel­late rem­ed­ies against first in­stance de­cisions of high­er courts that are made in ac­cord­ance with the pre­vi­ous law after this Code comes in­to force are gov­erned by the pre­vi­ous law.

Section 4 Rejections of Summary Penalty Orders; Private Prosecutions

Art. 455 Rejections of summary penalty orders  

Re­jec­tions of sum­mary pen­alty or­ders are gov­erned by Art­icle 453 mu­tatis mutandis.

Art. 456 Private prosecutions  

Private pro­sec­u­tions un­der the pre­vi­ous can­ton­al law that are pending be­fore a court of first in­stance when this Code comes in­to force shall be con­tin­ued to the con­clu­sion of first in­stance pro­ceed­ings in ac­cord­ance with the pre­vi­ous law by the court that was com­pet­ent un­der the pre­vi­ous law.

Section 5 Transitional Provision to the Amendment of 28 September 2012193

193 Inserted by No I 2 of the FA of 28 Sept. 2012 (Transcription Regulations), in force since 1 May 2013 (AS 2013 851; BBl 2012 57075719).

Art. 456a  

In pro­ceed­ings that are pending when the Amend­ment of 28 Septem­ber 2012 to this Code comes in­to force, the new law ap­plies to ex­am­in­a­tion hear­ings from the date on which the Amend­ment comes in­to force.

Chapter 4 Referendum and Commencement

Art. 457  

1 This Code is sub­ject to an op­tion­al ref­er­en­dum.

2 The Fed­er­al Coun­cil shall de­term­ine the com­mence­ment date.

Com­mence­ment date: 1 Janu­ary 2011194

194 FCD of 31 March 2010.

Annex 1

(Art. 446 para. 1)

Repeal and Amendment of Current Legislation

I

The following Federal Acts are repealed:

1.
Federal Act of 15 June 1934195 on the Administration of Federal Criminal Justice;
2.
Federal Act of 20 June 2003196 on Covert Investigations.

II

The federal acts below are amended as follows:

197

195 [BS 3 303; AS 1971 777No III 4; 1974 1857Annex No 2; 1978 688Art. 88 No 4; 1979 1170; 1992 288Annex No 15, 2465Annex No 2; 1993 1993; 1997 2465Annex No 7; 2000 505No I 3, 2719No II 3, 2725No II; 2001 118 No I 3, 3071No II 1, 3096Annex No 2, 3308; 2003 2133Annex No 9; 2004 1633No I 4; 2005 5685Annex No 19; 2006 1205Annex No 10; 2007 6087; 2008 1607Annex No 1, 4989Annex 1 No 6, 5463Annex No 3; 2009 6605Annex No II 3]

196 [AS 2004 1409; 2006 2197Annex No 29; 2007 5437Annex No II 6; 2006 5437Art. 2 No 2. AS 2010 1881Annex 1 No I 2]

197 The amendments may be consulted under AS 2010 1881.

Annex 2

(Art. 447)

Coordination Provisions

1. Coordination of Article 305 paragraph 2 letter b of the Criminal Procedure Code with the new Victim Support Act 198

198The new VSA came into force on 1 Jan. 2009.

Irrespective of whether the new Victim Support Act of 23 March 2007199 (new VSA) comes into force before or after the Criminal Procedure Code of 5 October 2007 (CPC), on commencement of whichever comes into force later or if both come into force at the same time, Article 305 paragraph 2 letter b CPC shall be amended as follows:

2. Coordination of Number 9 of Annex 1 with the new Victim Support Act

Irrespective of whether the new VSA comes into force before or after the CPC, on commencement of whichever comes into force later or if both come into force at the same time Number 9 of Annex 1 of the CPC shall cease to have effect and the new VSA shall be amended in accordance with number 10 of Annex 1 of the CPC.

3. Coordination of the Military Criminal Procedure Code of 23 March 1979 (Annex 1 number 12) with the new VSA200200

Irrespective of whether the new VSA comes into force before or after the CPC, on commencement of whichever comes into force later or if both come into force at the same time Articles 84a, 104 paragraph 3 and 118 paragraph 2 shall be amended by number 12 of the Annex 1 the CPC as follows:

4. Coordination of Article 269 paragraph 2 letter a with the Federal Decree of 18 December 2015 on the Adoption and Implementation of the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

Irrespective of whether the present amendment to the Criminal Procedure Code or the Amendment of 18 December 2015201 comes into force first, on commencement of whichever comes into force later or if both come into force at the same time, the following provision shall be worded as follows:

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