Federal Act
on the Amendment of the Swiss Civil Code
(Part Five: The Code of Obligations)


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Art. 495

B. Sub­stance

I. Par­tic­u­lar­it­ies of dif­fer­ent types of surety

1. Simple surety

 

1The cred­it­or may re­sort to a simple surety only if, after the surety was provided, the debt­or is de­clared bank­rupt or ob­tains a debt re­struc­tur­ing morator­i­um, or is the ob­ject of debt en­force­ment pro­ceed­ings in­stig­ated with due di­li­gence by the cred­it­or which have res­ul­ted in the is­sue of a defin­it­ive cer­ti­fic­ate of loss, or has re­lo­cated his dom­i­cile abroad and can no longer be sued in Switzer­land, or leg­al ac­tion against him in for­eign courts has been sub­stan­tially im­peded as a res­ult of such re­lo­ca­tion.

2 Where the claim is se­cured by pledges, a simple surety may re­quire that the cred­it­or sat­is­fy his claim first from such pledges, provided the debt­or has not been de­clared bank­rupt or ob­tained a debt re­struc­tur­ing morator­i­um.

3 Where the surety has un­der­taken solely to cov­er any short­fall suffered by the cred­it­or (in­dem­nity bond), he may not be sued un­less a defin­it­ive cer­ti­fic­ate of loss has been is­sued against the prin­cip­al debt­or or the lat­ter has re­lo­cated his dom­i­cile abroad and can no longer be sued in Switzer­land, or leg­al ac­tion against him in for­eign courts has been sub­stan­tially im­peded as a res­ult of such re­lo­ca­tion. Where a com­pos­i­tion agree­ment has been con­cluded, the surety may be sued for the re­mit­ted por­tion of the prin­cip­al ob­lig­a­tion im­me­di­ately on the entry in­to force of the com­pos­i­tion agree­ment.

4 Agree­ments to the con­trary are re­served.

BGE

125 III 322 () from 14. Juli 1999
Regeste: Bürgschaft auf Zeit; fristgerechte Belangung des Bürgen (Art. 510 Abs. 3 OR). Art. 510 Abs. 3 OR erfasst bei der einfachen Bürgschaft nur die verbürgte Hauptforderung, nicht auch die subsidiäre Bürgschaftsforderung. Das Gebot, die Hauptforderung fristgerecht geltend zu machen und beschleunigt zu verfolgen, gilt nicht für die Bürgschaftsforderung (E. 3a/b). Eine anderslautende Vereinbarung der Parteien vorbehalten, genügt es grundsätzlich, wenn der Gläubiger dem Bürgen binnen vier Wochen nach beendetem Vorgehen gegen den Hauptschuldner anzeigt, die Bürgschaft zu beanspruchen. Einer fristgebundenen Klageanhebung bedarf es nicht (E. 3c/d).

 

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